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Figure 2 | Epidemiologic Perspectives & Innovations

Figure 2

From: Years of Life Lost due to exposure: Causal concepts and empirical shortcomings

Figure 2

Two scenarios of different exposure effects in two pairs of twins. The pairs are indexed by a and b. As before, da(1), db(1) are death times of the exposed and da(2), db(2) are death times of the unexposed twins. Scenario 1 assumes causal effects of the same degree in both pairs, da(2) - da(1) = db(2) - db(1) = n years. Scenario 2 supposes no effect in pair b, db(1) - db(2) = 0 years, and a large one in pair a, da(1) - da(2) = 2n years.

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